[해외] Gray Area and Hybrid warfare (그레이 지역과 하이브리드 전쟁 그리고 미국의 새로운 전략)

출처#1. www.csis.org/analysis/us-competition-china-and-russia-crisis-driven-need-change-us-strategy

출처#2. www.csis.org/analysis/chronology-possible-chinese-gray-area-and-hybrid-warfare-operations

출처#3. www.csis.org/analysis/chronology-possible-russian-gray-area-and-hybrid-warfare-operations

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ㅇ U.S. Competition with China and Russia: The Crisis-Driven Need to Change U.S. Strategy

 

ㅡ The new National Security Strategy (NSS) issued on December 18, 2017,

called for the United States to focus on competition with China and Russia

in order to focus on the potential military threat they posed to the United States.

 

ㅡ This focus on high levels of direct conflict with China and Russia is a fundamental

misreading of the challenges the U.S. actually faces from Chinese and Russian competition

as well as a misinterpretation of their strategy and capabilities.

It ignores the fact that China and Russia recognize that major wars between them and the United States

can end in doing so much damage to both sides

that they become the equivalent of “mutual assured destruction” (MAD).

 

ㅡ This “worst case” war approach to U.S. strategy also ignores the fact

that China and Russia have already found ways to compete effectively

using gray area and hybrid operations, which rely on non-military political and economic competition

– or that can involve both military and civil forms of “warfare.”

 

ㅡ China and Russia’s dual focus on military and civil competition had a critical impact

long before the Coronavirus created today’s massive uncertainties in global economics.

These crises make understanding gray area and hybrid operations,

and the civil as well as the military dimensions of competition, even more critical now.

 

ㅡ U.S. must refocus its military strategy and forces to give gray area and hybrid conflicts

at least the same or even more priority as it does to higher levels of warfare.

Above all, the United States needs to refocus its national security strategy

to address key global developments at a national and regional level,

and it needs to integrate its military strategy and operations

with its political and economic strategy operations.

 

ㅡ Whether one calls the end result competition or civil-military “warfare,”

the true meaning of “joint” and “multi-domain” has now become the need to

integrate military and civil operations in every major region where the U.S. competes

with China and Russia and in every relevant aspect of politics, technology, and trade.

 

ㅡ China and Russia have already recognized these needs and are now competing

with the United States at the civil level with “gray area” tactics or indirect uses of force,

in low intensity military operations involving third countries and non-state actors,

and in deterring and fighting at higher levels of conflict.

Where possible, China and Russia use their military power in what might be called

“wars of influence” and in ways that do not involve actual fighting.

 

 

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정리 중.